{"id":6573,"date":"2024-08-07T09:00:00","date_gmt":"2024-08-07T07:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cdscweb.fr\/chat-robaze\/?p=6573"},"modified":"2024-11-07T15:41:33","modified_gmt":"2024-11-07T14:41:33","slug":"pourquoi-connaitre-le-langage-html","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cdscweb.fr\/chat-robaze\/pourquoi-connaitre-le-langage-html\/","title":{"rendered":"Pourquoi conna\u00eetre le langage HTML ?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Pour cr\u00e9er un site Internet, le langage universel est le <strong>HTML <\/strong><em>(HyperText Markup Language)<\/em> langage de balises permettant de mettre en forme les pages.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cela peut para\u00eetre inutile avec WordPress, que l&rsquo;on peut utiliser sans toucher \u00e0 une seule ligne de code. <br>Il sera cependant int\u00e9ressant de comprendre le code g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9 par cet outil, mais aussi de le rectifier ou le modifier en cas de besoin. <br>Le HTML est un langage simple dont la ma\u00eetrise des bases peut rendre de grands services dans la conception des pages avec un code aussi clair et optimis\u00e9 que possible.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"85\" src=\"https:\/\/cdscweb.fr\/chat-robaze\/wp-content\/uploads\/html_modifier-en-html_3-800x85.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6576\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cdscweb.fr\/chat-robaze\/wp-content\/uploads\/html_modifier-en-html_3-800x85.jpg 800w, https:\/\/cdscweb.fr\/chat-robaze\/wp-content\/uploads\/html_modifier-en-html_3-300x32.jpg 300w, https:\/\/cdscweb.fr\/chat-robaze\/wp-content\/uploads\/html_modifier-en-html_3-768x82.jpg 768w, https:\/\/cdscweb.fr\/chat-robaze\/wp-content\/uploads\/html_modifier-en-html_3-150x16.jpg 150w, https:\/\/cdscweb.fr\/chat-robaze\/wp-content\/uploads\/html_modifier-en-html_3.jpg 862w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Le paragraphe ci-dessous en HTML<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Dans cet article et les suivants, on trouvera les principes de base, illustr\u00e9s par quelques exemples concrets.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pour s&rsquo;entra\u00eener, on pourra utiliser le <strong><em>Bloc-Notes<\/em><\/strong> pr\u00e9sent dans l&rsquo;ordinateur. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Toute page HTML est constitu\u00e9e de balises qui permettent de mettre en forme du texte, d&rsquo;ins\u00e9rer des images ou des \u00e9l\u00e9ments anim\u00e9s, de cr\u00e9er des formulaires, etc.<br>Les balises sont des mots anglais, mais \u00e7a reste assez simple !<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Les balises HTML sont constitu\u00e9es de code ins\u00e9r\u00e9 entre les signes <big><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\">&lt;<\/mark><\/strong><\/big> et <big><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\">&gt;<\/mark><\/strong><\/big> : <br>par exemple une page HTML commence toujours par la <strong><em>balise ouvrante<\/em><\/strong> <strong><em>&lt;html&gt;<\/em><\/strong> afin d&rsquo;indiquer au navigateur Internet <em>(Chrome, Firefox, Edge&#8230;) <\/em>qu&rsquo;il s&rsquo;agit d&rsquo;une page Web, <br>et se termine par la <strong><em>balise fermante &lt;\/html&gt;<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>La plupart des balises ouvrantes doivent \u00eatre suivies de la balise fermante correspondante mais il existe quelques exceptions appel\u00e9es balises orphelines.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Exercice 1 : cr\u00e9er une page tr\u00e8s simple<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ouvrir le <strong><em>Bloc-Notes<\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Saisir le texte ci-contre <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>Les balises <strong><em>&lt;head&gt; &lt;\/head&gt;<\/em><\/strong> g\u00e8rent <strong>l&rsquo;en-t\u00eate<\/strong> de la page et notamment le titre <em>(ce qui appara\u00eet dans l&rsquo;onglet du navigateur)<\/em>. <br>Les balises <strong><em>&lt;body&gt; &lt;\/body&gt;<\/em><\/strong> repr\u00e9sentent <strong>le corps<\/strong> de la page <em>(son contenu)<\/em>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"249\" height=\"148\" src=\"https:\/\/cdscweb.fr\/chat-robaze\/wp-content\/uploads\/html_exercice_1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6578\" style=\"width:330px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cdscweb.fr\/chat-robaze\/wp-content\/uploads\/html_exercice_1.jpg 249w, https:\/\/cdscweb.fr\/chat-robaze\/wp-content\/uploads\/html_exercice_1-150x89.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 249px) 100vw, 249px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Ne pas oublier les balises fermantes&nbsp;!<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">\u00c0 l&rsquo;exception de <strong>&lt;html&gt;<\/strong> et <strong>&lt;\/html&gt;<\/strong> qui encadrent la page, <br>le placement des diff\u00e9rentes balises est primordial : <br>la premi\u00e8re balise fermante doit correspondre \u00e0 la derni\u00e8re balise ouvrante non ferm\u00e9e <br><em>(exemple <strong>&lt;head&gt; ; &lt;title&gt; ; &lt;\/title&gt; ; &lt;\/head&gt;<\/strong>)<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"110\" src=\"https:\/\/cdscweb.fr\/chat-robaze\/wp-content\/uploads\/html_enregistrer-800x110.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6581\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cdscweb.fr\/chat-robaze\/wp-content\/uploads\/html_enregistrer-800x110.jpg 800w, https:\/\/cdscweb.fr\/chat-robaze\/wp-content\/uploads\/html_enregistrer-300x41.jpg 300w, https:\/\/cdscweb.fr\/chat-robaze\/wp-content\/uploads\/html_enregistrer-768x105.jpg 768w, https:\/\/cdscweb.fr\/chat-robaze\/wp-content\/uploads\/html_enregistrer-150x21.jpg 150w, https:\/\/cdscweb.fr\/chat-robaze\/wp-content\/uploads\/html_enregistrer.jpg 818w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Enregistrer au format exercice-1.html <\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"203\" height=\"200\" src=\"https:\/\/cdscweb.fr\/chat-robaze\/wp-content\/uploads\/html_exercice_1-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6585\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cdscweb.fr\/chat-robaze\/wp-content\/uploads\/html_exercice_1-2.jpg 203w, https:\/\/cdscweb.fr\/chat-robaze\/wp-content\/uploads\/html_exercice_1-2-150x148.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 203px) 100vw, 203px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Double-clic sur le fichier : la page s&rsquo;ouvre dans le navigateur<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right\"><strong><em>Dans le prochain article, cette premi\u00e8re page sera un peu am\u00e9lior\u00e9e&#8230;<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p class=\"continue-reading-button\"> <a class=\"continue-reading-link\" href=\"https:\/\/cdscweb.fr\/chat-robaze\/pourquoi-connaitre-le-langage-html\/\">Lire<i class=\"crycon-right-dir\"><\/i><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6595,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[119],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6573","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-internet"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cdscweb.fr\/chat-robaze\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6573","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cdscweb.fr\/chat-robaze\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cdscweb.fr\/chat-robaze\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cdscweb.fr\/chat-robaze\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cdscweb.fr\/chat-robaze\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6573"}],"version-history":[{"count":18,"href":"https:\/\/cdscweb.fr\/chat-robaze\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6573\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6709,"href":"https:\/\/cdscweb.fr\/chat-robaze\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6573\/revisions\/6709"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cdscweb.fr\/chat-robaze\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6595"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cdscweb.fr\/chat-robaze\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6573"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cdscweb.fr\/chat-robaze\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6573"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cdscweb.fr\/chat-robaze\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6573"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}